A soffit calculator works out the soffit area and panel quantity for your eaves, plus the fascia length to match — from the run length and how far the roof overhangs the wall. Soffit and fascia close in the underside of the eaves and let the attic ventilate.
The area is simply the eave length times the overhang width, but it's easy to forget the fascia (same length as the eaves) and the ventilation. This covers all three so the order is complete.
Soffit area = eave length × overhang width, plus 10% waste for cuts. Fascia length equals the eave length. Vent guidance uses roughly one standard soffit vent per 150 sq ft of soffit as a starting point — balance attic intake (soffit) with exhaust (ridge) per code.
120 ft of eaves with an 18 in overhang is about 180 sq ft of soffit (≈198 with waste), 120 ft of fascia and ~2 vents' worth of airflow.